自然资源部：进入“耕地大占补”时代
<section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io"><section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 8px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 677px; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 661px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-self: center; visibility: visible;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 2px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 661px; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(79, 15, 7); visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 1.9em; text-indent: 0em; visibility: visible;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0.578px; visibility: visible;">导语</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-indent: 0em; visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.578px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible; letter-spacing: 0.578px;">自然资源部多次提出调整完善耕地占补平衡制度。按照</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">改革部署，将以往非农建设占用耕地落实占补平衡扩展到各类占用耕地均要落实占补平衡，由“小占补”变为“大占补”。</span>这将是自然资源管理的重大变革，“大占补”“以补定占”将改变很多很多东西，也将面临很多新的挑战。</span></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); visibility: visible; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-mpa-category="模板" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column; visibility: visible;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; align-self: center; display: flex; align-items: flex-start; visibility: visible;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" data-lazy-bgimg="https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px -1px 0px 0px; padding: 6px 0px 0px 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 59px; height: 63px; background-image: url(https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; flex-shrink: 0; visibility: visible;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 33px; width: 33px; height: 33px; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;">一</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column; visibility: visible;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 3px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 60px; height: 17px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; align-self: flex-end; visibility: visible;"></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px 24px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: 36px; background: rgb(227, 210, 196); overflow: hidden; visibility: visible;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(74, 19, 0); line-height: 27px; letter-spacing: 2px; word-break: break-word; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; visibility: visible;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;">背景</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: -15px -7px 7px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 17px; height: 4px; align-self: flex-end; background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgba(129, 43, 0, 0) 0%, rgb(74, 19, 0) 100%); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; visibility: visible;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section style="font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; position: static; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 75, 69); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: unset; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2023年7月20日，习近平总书记主持召开中央财经委员会第二次会议时，首次提出要改革完善耕地占补平衡制度，将各类对耕地的占用统一纳入占补平衡管理。2023年10月10日，《人民日报》发表自然资源部部长王广华《切实加强耕地保护，改革完善占补平衡制度》一文。文章聚焦守牢耕地保护红线、夯实粮食安全根基关键问题，针对落实中央财经委员会第二次会议要求，切实推进占补平衡制度改革部署落地见效作出了指导。</p></section><section style="line-height: 0; position: static; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-mpa-category="模板" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; align-self: center; display: flex; align-items: flex-start;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" data-lazy-bgimg="https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px -1px 0px 0px; padding: 6px 0px 0px 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 59px; height: 63px; background-image: url(https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; flex-shrink: 0;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 33px; width: 33px; height: 33px; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">二</strong><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 3px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 60px; height: 17px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; align-self: flex-end;"></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px 24px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: 36px; background: rgb(227, 210, 196); overflow: hidden;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(74, 19, 0); line-height: 27px; letter-spacing: 2px; word-break: break-word; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">耕地保护面临的形势</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: -15px -7px 7px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 17px; height: 4px; align-self: flex-end; background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgba(129, 43, 0, 0) 0%, rgb(74, 19, 0) 100%); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><section style="font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; position: static; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 75, 69); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: unset; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">文中提到，在持续严格规范非农建设占用耕地落实占补平衡的基础上，针对第三次全国国土调查反映的大量耕地不合理流失问题，要求耕地转为林地、草地、园地等其他农用地落实“进出平衡”，在年度内补足数量相等、质量相当的可以长期稳定利用的耕地；针对违法建设占用耕地造成耕地减少问题，严格规定违法用地整改处置到位前，必须先行“冻结”当地相应的储备补充耕地指标，确保耕地不再减少。通过一系列举措（两平衡一冻结），初步遏制了多年来耕地总量持续减少的势头，实现了2021年、2022年连续两年全国耕地总量净增加。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">与此同时，也指出目前耕地保护存在的主要问题，包括：①从占用耕地看，城乡建设和基础设施配套等各类非农建设不可避免仍将占用一部分耕地，农业结构调整、造林种树造成耕地流失的规模仍然不小，违法违规用地问题仍较突出。②从补充耕地看，占补平衡存在占多补少、占优补劣甚至弄虚作假问题，一些地方落实“进出平衡”不到位，区域耕地总量仍在减少；有的地方违规开垦破坏生态环境，一些补充耕地质量不高，存在撂荒和流失风险。③全国耕地后备资源越来越少，且多位于生态功能重要区域，通过开垦后备资源补充耕地难度越来越大。</p></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-mpa-category="模板" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; align-self: center; display: flex; align-items: flex-start;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" data-lazy-bgimg="https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px -1px 0px 0px; padding: 6px 0px 0px 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 59px; height: 63px; background-image: url(https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; flex-shrink: 0;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 33px; width: 33px; height: 33px; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 3px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 60px; height: 17px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; align-self: flex-end;"></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px 24px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: 36px; background: rgb(227, 210, 196); overflow: hidden;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(74, 19, 0); line-height: 27px; letter-spacing: 2px; word-break: break-word; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">什么是“两平衡”</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: -15px -7px 7px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 17px; height: 4px; align-self: flex-end; background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgba(129, 43, 0, 0) 0%, rgb(74, 19, 0) 100%); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><section style="font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; position: static; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 75, 69); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: unset; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">1998年修订的《土地管理法》确立了以“占补平衡”为核心的土地用途管制制度，其重点是针对当时建设大量占用农地导致我国耕地面积急剧减少、“口粮田”受到严重威胁的现状，对农用地转为建设用地进行严格管控。这项制度实行20多年来，不仅在很大程度上有效遏制了盲目占用耕地或贪大求多乱占滥用耕地搞建设的冲动，而且在总量上保证了耕地的“补大于占”，为推动实现我国耕地的总量平衡发挥了重要而积极的作用。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2021年11月27日，自然资源部、农业农村部、国家林业和草原局印发《关于严格耕地用途管制有关问题的通知》（自然资发〔2021〕166号）首次提出耕地“进出平衡”的概念，对一般耕地转为林地、草地、园地的，要实行耕地“进出平衡”，从某种意义上看，这既是对耕地占补平衡制度的拓展和补充，也是对国土空间用途管制制度的细化、深化和强化。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">进出平衡与占补平衡制度的出台背景，都是基于我国土地基本国情和所面临的耕地保护形势与现状。从“占补平衡”到“进出平衡”，实际上是从管控建设占用和管控农地互转的不同角度，共同织密织牢了耕地保护网。2023年12月29日，第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议通过《中华人民共和国粮食安全保障法》。《粮食安全保障法》第十一条规定，国家实行占用耕地补偿制度，严格控制各类占用耕地行为；确需占用耕地的，应当依法落实补充耕地责任，补充与所占用耕地数量相等、质量相当的耕地。这是关于耕地占补制度的最新法律制度安排。</p></section><section style="line-height: 0; position: static; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-mpa-category="模板" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; align-self: center; display: flex; align-items: flex-start;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" data-lazy-bgimg="https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px -1px 0px 0px; padding: 6px 0px 0px 5px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 59px; height: 63px; background-image: url(https://bbs.whcdrm.com/plugin.php?id=wcn_editor:wx_img&url=https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/wjv6KiajteIMOoYnI1cBlp6fA1qb9er76144aneCepBLxibjQ1icicwtY1iaiaUbibW851j8ZfxVyE1DCNdbDxBghwhaw/640?wx_fmt=png); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: 100% 100%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; flex-shrink: 0;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 33px; width: 33px; height: 33px; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">四</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: flex; flex-direction: column;"><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 3px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 60px; height: 17px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; align-self: flex-end;"></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px 24px 0px 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: 36px; background: rgb(227, 210, 196); overflow: hidden;"><p data-mid="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(74, 19, 0); line-height: 27px; letter-spacing: 2px; word-break: break-word; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">改革占补平衡制度后将有哪些新改变</strong></span></p></section><section data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="margin: -15px -7px 7px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 17px; height: 4px; align-self: flex-end; background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgba(129, 43, 0, 0) 0%, rgb(74, 19, 0) 100%); background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><br data-filtered="filtered" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><p><br/></p><section style="font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; position: static; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(153, 75, 69); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: unset; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一是“小占补”变“大占补”，耕地保护范围得到统一</strong>。按照改革部署，调整完善占用耕地补偿制度，将以往的非农建设占用耕地落实占补平衡扩展到各类占用耕地均要落实耕地占补平衡，由“小占补”变为“大占补”，耕地保护范围实现统一。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二是补充耕地来源得到有效拓展</strong>。改革后补充耕地来源主要为：盐碱地等未利用地、低效闲置建设用地、从耕地中流出的园地、林地、草地等其他农用地。换而言之，将以往属于耕地进出平衡的补充耕地来源纳入了。与此同时需要注意的是，进出平衡的补充耕地立地条件中坡度要求是25度以下，而以往占补平衡充耕地立地条件中坡度要求原则不得大于15度，确需开垦的，应经县级论证评估、省级复核认定具备稳定耕种条件后方可实施。笔者认为，在耕地保护日趋严格的形势下，改革后的占补平衡补充耕地坡度要求仍会按照以往占补平衡充耕的坡度要求。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三是有利于耕地整体性保护</strong>。以往耕地“占补平衡”区别于“进出平衡”的是其有一定的指标交易收益，一些地方在落实耕地“占补平衡”时一味追求指标收益，而忽视耕地整体性保护。譬如，在补充耕地选址阶段，套合“二调”“三调”数据，选取符合耕地“占补平衡”指标地块进行开垦，而对于符合耕地“进出平衡”的地块未做复垦，不利于耕地集中连片和整体性保护。改革后，随着落实“大占补”的实施，拓宽补充耕地来源，有利于耕地集中连片和整体性保护。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四是有效防止借用“进出平衡”规避落实“占补平衡”</strong>，面对日趋复杂的耕地保护形势，耕地利用的形态不断在变，“农”与“非农”“粮”与“非粮”的界限会更加难以严格限定。一些地方出现以“农业发展”之名，行“非农建设”之实，以此来规避落实耕地占补平衡。此次占补平衡的改革，由“小占补”变为“大占补”，各类占用耕地行为均需落实占补平衡，坚持以补定占、严控占用、严格补充、严守总量，可有效防止借用“进出平衡”规避落实“占补平衡”。</p></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-wrap: wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); 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