耕地优先保护有了新规定
<p style="text-align: center;"></p><p><br/></p><section data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">6月1日起，《中华人民共和国粮食安全保障法》施行。其中，第二章为耕地保护专章，对耕地保护进行了明确的法律规定，意味着耕地优先保护的政策有了新的法律规定。</span></section><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">粮食安全保障法规定，国家实施国土空间规划下的国土空间用途管制，统筹布局农业、生态、城镇等功能空间，划定落实耕地和永久基本农田保护红线、生态保护红线和城镇开发边界，严格保护耕地。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">2022年9月，自然资源部曾发布《耕地保护法（草案）》（征求意见稿）及其说明，向社会各界征求意见。其立法初衷，就是要从法律的高度明确耕地保护的重要性。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">据第三次国土资源调查结果，2019年底我国耕地面积19.18亿亩，人均1.36亩，不足世界平均水平的四成。同时我国耕地资源空间分布不均，总体质量不高。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">耕地保护的主体是谁？对于这一关键问题，粮食安全保障法明确，国务院确定省、自治区、直辖市人民政府耕地和永久基本农田保护任务。县级以上地方人民政府应当确保本行政区域内耕地和永久基本农田总量不减少、质量有提高。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">也就是说，地方政府在耕地保护中要承担主体责任。此前，自然资源部公开通报的耕地保护督察发现的重大典型问题，很多与地方政府有很大关系。例如有的地方“顶风”侵占耕地挖湖造景、超标准建设绿化带和绿色通道，一些地方补充耕地不实，甚至弄虚作假等。</span></section><mpcpc js_editor_cpcad="" class="js_cpc_area res_iframe cpc_iframe" src="/cgi-bin/readtemplate?t=tmpl/cpc_tmpl#1717560135440" data-category_id_list="1|2|5|6|7|8|16|17|21|24|28|29|31|35|36|37|39|41|42|43|46|47|48|50|51|55|56|57|58|59|60|61|62|63|64|65|66|67|68" data-id="1717560135440" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; display: block; width: 677px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></mpcpc><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">健全完善耕地保护补偿制度，构建耕地保护的正向激励机制，对于发挥地方政府和市场主体保护耕地的积极性至关重要。粮食安全保障法规定，国家建立耕地保护补偿制度，调动耕地保护责任主体保护耕地的积极性。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">粮食安全保障法同时规定，国家实行占用耕地补偿制度，严格控制各类占用耕地行为；确需占用耕地的，应当依法落实补充耕地责任，补充与所占用耕地数量相等、质量相当的耕地。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当组织本级人民政府自然资源主管部门、农业农村主管部门对补充耕地的数量进行认定、对补充耕地的质量进行验收，并加强耕地质量跟踪评价。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">耕地，是指利用地表耕作层种植粮、棉、油、糖、蔬菜等农作物，每年可以种植一季及一季以上的土地。但近年来，耕地“非粮化”比较严重。一些原先种粮的耕地由于种粮比较效益相对较低等原因被用于其他农业用途。国土三调显示，10年间我国耕地净流向林地1.12亿亩，净流向园地0.63亿亩，有6200多万亩坡度2度以下的平地被用来种树。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">粮食安全保障法规定，国家严格控制耕地转为林地、草地、园地等其他农用地。禁止违规占用耕地绿化造林、挖湖造景等行为。禁止在国家批准的退耕还林还草计划外擅自扩大退耕范围。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">粮食安全保障法还规定，耕地应当主要用于粮食和棉、油、糖、蔬菜等农产品及饲草饲料生产。县级以上地方人民政府应当根据粮食和重要农产品保供目标任务，加强耕地种植用途管控，落实耕地利用优先序，调整优化种植结构。具体办法由国务院农业农村主管部门制定。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; overflow-y: auto;">粮食安全保障法对耕地质量也进行了明确要求，规定国家建立严格的耕地质量保护制度，加强高标准农田建设，按照量质并重、系统推进、永续利用的要求，坚持政府主导与社会参与、统筹规划与分步实施、用养结合与建管并重的原则，健全完善多元投入保障机制，提高建设标准和质量。</span></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(67, 74, 84); font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Arial, Microsoft YaHei; letter-spacing: 1px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; font-size: 14px; 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