沙湖湿地没有鸟？NO!NO!NO!
<section data-role="outer" class="article135" label="edit by 135editor"><section data-role="paragraph"><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">12月11日，一辆助力车穿过一片芦苇荡，停在沙湖国家湿地公园大码头。</span></p><p><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“每天定时定点巡护，跑一趟得1个多小时。”巡护员管银波和同事碰头打招呼，指了指远处的管护区域，示意记者一起去巡护。</span></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">蔚蓝天空下，茂密的芦苇随风摇曳，湖面不时有鱼儿翻腾，三五成群的水鸟嬉戏觅食，野趣横生。助力车驶进芦苇荡，沿着蜿蜒小道一路向南。巡护了半个小时，始终不见候鸟群的身影。</span></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“这里是名副其实的‘鸟类王国’，怎么看不到候鸟群？”</span></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“沙湖湿地是东亚—澳大利西亚迁飞路线上的重要中转站，眼下正是候鸟在此歇脚的时候，都藏在芦苇荡深处。”</span></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">靠近关山环境监测站，管银波停车让大家安静倾听：“东南方向，有鸟群”。“嘎——”“嘎嘎——”“叫声长的是灰雁，叫声短的是小天鹅。”管银波指着一片芦苇荡说。</span></p><p style="line-height:2em"><br/></p><p style="line-height:2em"></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">沙湖湿地及周边拥有10万亩芦苇、滩涂、沼泽等“湿地呼吸区”，吸引15目36科175种鸟类在此栖息。监测站立在万亩芦苇荡中，曾是市芦苇场的办公地，主要用于湿地公园的水环境监测和鸟类活动观测。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">管银波在市芦苇场工作了40多年，“这里是百宝箱，常常看见黑鹳、麂子、野猪等野生动物，也有叫不出名字的珍稀动植物”。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">过去，湿地内有耕地、鱼塘，还有人架网、下地笼，进行违法捕捞，“生态好不好，候鸟最知道”，管银波介绍。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">生态之变源于沙湖湿地通过国家林业局试点建设验收，成为国家湿地公园。市级多部门组成的联合指挥部和湿地公园管理局常态化管护，市法院巡回审判车开进湿地公园，系统施治守护生态自然之美。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">水清了、苇盛了、草肥了。“没有人为打扰，有吃有喝，候鸟自然就多了。”市芦苇场党总支书记、场长黄清仿介绍，候鸟的增加和“退耕还湿”“退养还湖”密不可分，每年冬季都能看见鹭舞蹁跹、万鸟翔集的画面。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“嘎——”“这是白琵鹭！”一抬头，一群候鸟扑腾着掠过水面，从“一”字形变成“人”字形，飞向远方。“每年迁徙和越冬的候鸟不少于1万只，肉眼可见一直在增加。”巡护队熟练地观察。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“现在观测和管理更科学，配备了无人机等新技术设备。”“助力车也是近几年才有的，以前完全靠步行和自行车，一天至少2万步。”离开监测站，管银波吆喝着，继续巡护。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">偌大的湿地，4名巡护员日夜守护。“湿地保护得好不好，主要看两方面：一是野生水鸟种类多不多，二是珍稀濒危鸟类多不多。”黄清仿说。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">经过多年修复保护，沙湖湿地春天碧草连天，夏天水天一色，秋天鸟声阵阵，冬天芦花漫卷，四季皆景、景景不同。去年11月份，国家林业和草原局公布《陆生野生动物重要栖息地名录（第一批）》，沙湖湿地作为候鸟重要栖息地入选。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">据统计，这里有国家一级保护鸟类黑鹳、白头鹤2种，国家二级保护鸟类白琵鹭、鸿雁等24种。“中日候鸟协定”鸟类81种，“中澳候鸟协定”鸟类19种。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“迁徙候鸟变‘留鸟’，这是对保护工作的最大肯定。”黄清仿说，按照湿地保护计划，正组织人力集中收割芦苇，有利于来年生长和防火；湿地生态保护工程、湿地恢复工程和科研监测工程也正在紧张施工中。</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><span style="letter-spacing:1px;">“嘎——”湿地深处，又惊起一群候鸟，在碧空结队盘旋、俯冲掠食，随后四散开来，消失在芦苇荡里。“小天鹅、白头鹞这些‘老朋友’又来了，‘稀客’也不少。等明年开春，它们还会再来……”</span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; 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