蔡甸融媒 发表于 2026-7-5 17:13:56

鄂州这个村田间种粮林间“养”虫?萤火虫带来的财富,比米饭还香!

<p style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0px;"><span leaf="">夜,深了。梁子湖畔的</span><span leaf="">太和镇</span><span leaf="">吴伯浩村,路灯和庭院灯渐次熄灭。</span><br/></p><p></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-id="100167" data-tools="135编辑器" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><section data-role="paragraph"><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">6月20日晚8时,几十名游客不约而同屏住呼吸。草丛里、溪流旁、稻田上空,一点点幽幽的绿光亮起来,须臾间连成流动的光带,恍若星河坠入人间。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">62岁的村民柯尊林蹲在田埂上,一只萤火虫轻轻落在他的袖口。他转过头,对身边的小孙子说了一句话:“你看,这是爷爷养的。”</span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><p><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170438"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #0072e7;text-align: center;padding: 0 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 2px;">一问惊醒村庄</span></span></strong></section><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;margin-top: 3px;"><section style="width: 50%;height: 1px;background-color: #84e3c6;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:50% !important;" data-width="50%"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section><section style="flex-shrink: 0;"><section style="width: 55px;height: 3px;background: linear-gradient(to right, #4f81bd, #4f81bd);box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section></section><section style="width: 50%;height: 1px;background-color: #84e3c6;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:50% !important;" data-width="50%"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height: 2;text-align: center;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">看着眼前漫天的光点,柯尊林总会想起6年前那个夏天。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">2020年,华中农业大学教授付新华蹲在吴伯浩村一条溪沟边,看着长柄捞网划过水面,网底出现几只腹部闪着微弱荧光的幼虫。他眼睛一亮——这是极度濒危的“武汉萤”,对水质的要求近乎苛刻。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">吴伯浩村四面环山,溪水清澈。梁子湖片区自2013年起全面退出一般工业,退垸还湖持续推进。这片土地,成了萤火虫理想中的最后庇护所。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section nodeleaf=""></section><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">但付新华也看到了另一面:农田抛荒,养殖场污水直排,农药化肥过量,萤火虫种群萎缩至不足千只。他找到村委会主任吴爱国:“只要恢复生态,萤火虫能回来。”</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">吴爱国沉默片刻,反问了一句:“救了它,能救我们村吗?”</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">这不是刁难。当时全村553户、1962人,青壮年大多外出打工,村集体账上几乎为零。“萤火虫能当饭吃?”这是付新华挨家挨户动员时,听到最多的一句话。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">这句反问,成了后来所有改变的起点。</span></p><p><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170438"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #0072e7;text-align: center;padding: 0 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 2px;">一剂农药的转折</span></span></strong></section><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;margin-top: 3px;"><section style="width: 50%;height: 1px;background-color: #84e3c6;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:50% !important;" data-width="50%"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section><section style="flex-shrink: 0;"><section style="width: 55px;height: 3px;background: linear-gradient(to right, #4f81bd, #4f81bd);box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section></section><section style="width: 50%;height: 1px;background-color: #84e3c6;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:50% !important;" data-width="50%"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">2023年6月,“守望萤火·花谷”项目在吴伯浩村启动。核心条款只有一条:流转的水田,种稻不许打农药。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">柯尊林是第一批签订协议的村民。他把3亩水田和2亩山地流转出去,心里却一直犯嘀咕:不打药,虫子把水稻吃光了咋办?</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">插秧后不久,稻飞虱冒了头。柯尊林趁着夜里没人,悄悄背上喷雾器,在自家田边打了一小片。几天后,付新华团队的水质监测数据出现异常。顺着溪流溯源,他们找到了柯尊林。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">“我以为要罚款,或者把地收回去。”柯尊林回忆,当时手心冒汗。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">项目组没有罚他,他们带他去了武汉。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">在华中农业大学的萤火虫实验室外,柯尊林看见一群孩子趴在玻璃展柜前,眼睛盯着发光的幼虫,亮晶晶的,一眨不眨。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">“那些孩子眼睛里的光,比萤火虫还亮。”柯尊林说,那一刻他忽然明白了:城里人愿意大老远跑来看的,不是农药打出来的高产稻,而是干干净净的水和土,是萤火虫愿意回来的地方。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">从“虫是害”到“虫是宝”,这个转变不是靠说教完成的,而是靠一次武汉之行、一双双发亮的眼睛。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">回到村里,柯尊林主动当上了护萤员。每天巡查责任区,劝阻游客不要开闪光灯,一个月多了1500元工资。更重要的是,他开始逢人便讲自己的经历。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">付新华后来总结:“让农民看见价值,比告诉他价值管用一百倍。”</span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><p><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section data-role="title" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="170438"><section style="margin: 10px auto;display: flex;justify-content: center;"><section><section style="font-size: 16px;color: #0072e7;text-align: center;padding: 0 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong data-brushtype="text"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 2px;">萤火虫的“回赠”</span></span></strong></section><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;margin-top: 3px;"><section style="width: 50%;height: 1px;background-color: #84e3c6;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:50% !important;" data-width="50%"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section><section style="flex-shrink: 0;"><section style="width: 55px;height: 3px;background: linear-gradient(to right, #4f81bd, #4f81bd);box-sizing:border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section></section><section style="width: 50%;height: 1px;background-color: #84e3c6;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:50% !important;" data-width="50%"><span leaf=""><br/></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">改变的不止柯尊林一人。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">村里陆续有7户人家流转了土地。废弃养猪场变成露营基地,废弃学校变成萤火虫繁育中心,每年繁育200多万只萤火虫。一入夜,万千光点从这里飞向田野。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">不打农药的稻田,亩产从1200斤降到了900斤。但稻谷被武汉一家企业以高出市场价30%的价格收购——包装上印着“萤火虫米”,每斤卖到15元。减产不减收,还多赚了。尝到甜头的村民开始相信,好生态真能当饭吃。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">吴爱国翻开账本:2023年,村集体经济收入从零跃升至12万元;2025年,攀升至27.11万元。30多名村民在家门口务工,人均年增收约6000元。5名在外打工的年轻人回了乡,有人开起农家乐,有人成了萤火虫繁育技术员。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">村里4棵红果冬青被列入濒危名录、十几棵百年榆树被代代守护。那句“榆树不能砍,砍了穷来伴”的祖训,如今有了新注脚:护树不是因为怕穷,而是因为绿水青山真的成了金山银山。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">湖北省社会科学院社会学所研究员马德富评价,吴伯浩村的探索,让生态产品价值实现有了“可见的抓手”。村民从生态保护的“旁观者”变成“当事人”,在保护中获益、在获益中保护,形成了一种内生的可持续动力。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">2025年,吴伯浩村萤火虫种群恢复至近万只,是2020年的50倍;溪水氨氮、总磷分别下降62%和47%。付新华说:“萤火虫的回归,证明这片土地正在根本好转。”</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">村里建起“林长+监管员+护林员+护萤员”网格化体系,30多名村民主动报名,不要额外报酬。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">今年初,村里成立生态旅游合作社,从武汉请来专业团队,观萤路线、科普讲解、民宿餐饮理出了头绪。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">这个夏天,吴伯浩村迎来了第一个试运营季。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">游客的车开到村口,村干部笑着迎上去:“车就停村委会门口吧,不收费。”有人问,为啥不修个大停车场?吴爱国摆摆手:“萤火虫不喜欢水泥地,我们也不急着把村子变成景区。来的都是客,停哪儿都行。”</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">去年6月14日,蔚来汽车旗下品牌“萤火虫”发起“守护萤光”公益项目,商业品牌主动为生态赋能。但比这更动人的,始终是田埂上的光。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">6月20日晚11时,当天最后一批游客离开。柯尊林打着手电筒最后一次巡护。走到田埂尽头,他关掉手电</span><span leaf="">筒</span><span leaf="">,蹲下来。3年前,他在这里偷偷打农药;3年后,他坐在这里安安静静地看虫。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">远处露营基地的灯火星星点点,和田野里的流萤,已经分不清彼此了。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><span leaf="">他知道,明天,还会有新的客人到来。这片土地的光,才刚刚点亮。</span></p><p style="line-height:2;"><br/></p><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(67, 74, 84); font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Arial, Microsoft YaHei; font-size: 14px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="overflow-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="overflow-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; height: 1px; background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 2em;"><span leaf="" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><br data-filtered="filtered" 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